University policy toward women's rights
The University of Anbar considers the need of Iraqi women and their male counterparts in the field of employment. Since the University is the first institution concerned with the educational and scientific realization of the status of women in society and educates the emerging generation on these principles. The Iraqi legal system supports many legal aspects of women's legal and constitutional rights. The application of equality and gender justice in Iraq's legal system results not only in positive benefits for women and children in Iraq but also in the development of the country. If the requirements of Iraqi law and its application do not protect against unjust discrimination based on characteristics such as gender, for example, a large segment of society would be disadvantaged, thereby compromising Iraq's potential development.
The First Axis: University Policy on Women's Education
Many provisions of Iraqi laws include women's rights in education, including the Basic Law of the Iraqi State, and the Constitution of 2005. Article 34 (I) of the Constitution stipulates, "Education is a fundamental factor for the advancement of society and a right guaranteed by the State. The State guarantees the fight against illiteracy.
As a result of its interest in the education of Iraqi women, the University of Anbar sets out its entire human, scientific, and service possibilities in order to support women's education. First, there is a unique educational college for girls. Secondly, there are special internal sections for girls to provide adequate housing with their own female supervisory staff.
The Second Axis: University Policy on Women's Employment and rights during employment
As far as the University is concerned with the implementation of public policies on the right to employ women and to facilitate all legal procedures against them, the situation of women working in the University is governed by the First Act, amended by the Civil Service Act No. 24 of 1960, which deals with female employees working in State departments and with permanent owners. The second category is female employees of temporary owners and daily wages who are covered by the Labour Act No.
In article 43, paragraph (6): "An employee shall be entitled to pregnancy and childbirth leave before and after childbirth of seventy-two days' duration on full pay and shall enjoy at least 21 days before delivery. This leave may be repeated whenever pregnancy and childbirth occur."
Paragraph (7) also stipulates that: "A deceased employee shall be entitled to several (130) days' leave on full pay."
Article 44 of the Code stipulates that: "The competent Minister shall grant the teacher, school, employee or employee who has married a regular leave without pay to those who wish to move to the place of residence of their husbands. There shall be no vacancy, provided that the specialization for female teachers is taken into account when it is available.
In article 48, paragraph (5), the employee shall be entitled to six weeks' special leave with full salary, to be enjoyed before and after delivery", according to the law.
Maternity leave: - The mother gives the employee maternity leave to care for her child under the age of one year for one year divided into two sections (6 months) with full salary and half salary for the remainder. The mother of the twins is granted with full pay for a year.
It is noted that this last leave was not included in the Service Act, but was stipulated in Decree No. (882) of 1987, and our most important observations on the decision are still valid, and the decision does not specify that a female employee is used once or more than once at the time of birth. All of the provisions of Act No. 24 of 1960, the Civil Service Act, with the exception of some, did not differentiate between the sexes and contained special provisions concerning women adopted by the legislature, taking into account their specific nature in order to reconcile the duties and social responsibilities of the job.
In the case of women workers in daily contracts and wages, the Iraqi Labour Code applies, not the Civil Service Act. According to Article 85 of the Iraqi Labour Code, it is prohibited to force pregnant or breastfeeding women to perform additional work or any work prepared by the competent health authority to the detriment of the health of the mother or child or if a medical examination proves a serious risk to the mother's or child's health. It also prohibits women's employment in work that is burdensome or harmful to health.
Women and night work. According to article (86) of the Labor Code, women employed in night work may not be employed unless the work is necessary or because of force or force majeure. According to Article 86, II, of the Iraqi Labor Code, working women are granted a daily rest period. (11) Eleven continuous hours, of which at least (7) shall necessarily include seven hours from the night time between 9 o 'clock (9) at night and 6 o'clock (6) in the morning. WHAT IS IT? What is a pregnant working woman's entitlement to leave?
Article 87 stipulates that a working woman shall be entitled to pregnancy and full-paid maternity leave for a period not less than (14) Fourteen weeks per year, pregnant worker is entitled to leave before (8) Eight days from the expected date of delivery with a medical certificate issued by the competent medical authority. The pregnant worker shall continue after giving birth by enjoying the remainder of this leave, provided that the period of such leave shall not be less than (6) six weeks after delivery.
The third Axis: The University's policy toward supporting women economically.
The University's policy towards supporting women economically is to prepare them for the labour market to achieve sustainable development in any country if women are not included in economic life and in political decision-making bodies. Ensuring women's participation in the labor market is a feature of the smart economy, and this requires active and sustained efforts over time.
The launch of the Women's Economic Empowerment Plan for 2021-2022 today is a step in the right direction, and Norway is proud to support the Mashreq Women's Empowerment Program in these vital efforts. "It should be noted that the Women's Economic Empowerment Plan will be implemented with the support of national and international civil society organizations as well as the private sector and experts, and through close coordination with the World Bank Group and international development partners. The Plan for the Economic Empowerment of Iraqi Women is the result of a joint effort between the Government of Iraq and the World Bank Group.
The fourth Axis: University Policy in empowering women's Leadership
The University of Anbar supports women through the assumption of leadership positions by women since many senior and central leaders are held by women as deans of colleges and directors of departments, divisions, and centers at the University. This is based on the constitutional right and stipulated in article (14) "Iraqis are equal before the law without distinction as to sex, race, nationality, origin, color, religion, creed, belief, opinion or economic or social status". This constitutional text is the highest and the highest. No legislative text, regulations, instructions, or regulations have the force of law. In other words, anything that contravenes or restricts the implementation of this provision is null and void. The Constitution, which has the supreme title of equality before the law between women and men, authorizes the rejection of all forms of discrimination.
Article 16 of the Constitution refers to the right to equal opportunities for all. The State is obliged to do so. Article 1 of the Constitution stipulates: "Equal opportunities are guaranteed to all Iraqis and the State shall take the necessary steps to achieve this."
Woman’s Rights
The College of Law from the University of Anbar participated actively in a workshop focused on women's rights. The main objective of the workshop was to educate women about their rights enshrined in the Iraqi Constitution and compatible with religious legislation and societal roles that empower them within their communities. Women, as one of society's most important components, were emphasized throughout the workshop. As a result, the workshop concluded with several recommendations to facilitate intensive awareness-raising lectures.
A symposium about women's legal protection from violence and their rights
The College of Law of Anbar University recently hosted a scientific symposium focusing on women's legal protection from violence. They discussed at length the causes and issues of juvenile delinquency and displacement and highlighted the deficiencies in Iraq's Juvenile Welfare Act No. 76 of 1983 and its application to juveniles, offenders, vulnerable persons, vagrants, and deviant behavior. The symposium aims to compare international standards on juvenile concerns and to study the main family and community problems that contribute to delinquency and juvenile crime. In addition, it provided a platform to discuss the main obstacles to Anbar's juvenile justice infrastructure.
Anbar University Opens Women's Empowerment Unit
In a ceremony attended by civil, military, and academic dignitaries, the University of Anbar inaugurated the Women's Empowerment Unit at the Headquarter of the university. This initiative aligns with the principles outlined in Security Council Resolution 1325, which advocates for security and communal harmony. By establishing this unit, the university aims to empower Iraqi women who have consistently demonstrated their influential presence in all aspects of life.
This unit stresses the importance of involving Iraqi women, with particular emphasis on Anbar Governorate, in global peace-making endeavors. The aim is to enable them to participate actively in the formulation of national policies and legislation, particularly in areas related to sexual violence and community terrorism.
A delegation from the University of Anbar to visit the women's interior departments
The University of Anbar delegation recently visited the departments of the female dormitory located in the interior departments. Its purpose was to assess students' living conditions, and the quality of services provided, and to gather feedback and requirements from the population. During its comprehensive inspection of the apartment building, the Committee made detailed observations and made recommendations to the Dean of the College for approval.
Women's courses and workshops
The University of Anbar, in cooperation with United Nations non-governmental organizations, organizes free courses and workshops, including learning sewing, embroidery, knitting, shaving, cooking and other occupations that help women develop and engage in society.